• The intentional duplication of critical components or functions of a system with the intention of increasing reliability of the system. There are four major forms of redundancy: hardware redundancy, such as dual modular redundancy and triple modular redundancy; information redundancy, such as error detection and correction methods; time redundancy, performing the same operation multiple times such as multiple executions of a program or multiple copies of data transmitted; and software redundancy such as N-version programming. ← Wikipedia
• The often unnoticed or unintentional duplication of software with the consequence of making the software less efficient and more difficult to maintain.

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