• The process of defining the architecture, components, interfaces, and data flows for large-scale software systems to satisfy specific non-functional requirements such as performance, scalability, reliability, and maintainability. System design involves high-level decisions about overall structure, technology stacks, data storage solutions, communication protocols, and trade-offs among consistency, availability, and partition tolerance. It is essential for building distributed systems that can serve millions of users, and therefore a core competency evaluated in technical interviews at major technology companies.

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